Pavlov A. S., Petrov A. A., Kuchava T. S., Pavlov S. E.
Russian state university of physical education, sport, youth and tourism (SCOLIPE)
Abstract. The main objective of training hockey players — the establishment and preservation of fitness while improving physical qualities of players. The level of fitness of players is determined by the degree of development of special physical qualities required in hockey. One of these qualities is special speed-endurance. There is an uncertainty of information in one of the most common hockey tests which assesses special-speed endurance of players. We propose a more informative modification of this test.
Introduction. Special speed endurance is one of the main special physical qualities of hockey players. Traditionally a test is used to assess the special speed endurance of players: «shuttle runs» continuous skating on ice in full gear for 5 segments of 54 meters with braking at each end by the boards. The test includes these next technical components: skating from the start, coasting, braking and then skating the opposite direction. This should be regarded as a complex and highly specific test which integrates many aspects of hockey. But it is not clear how informative this test is in assessing precisely the speed-endurance of hockey players. The main component in assessing special speed-endurance to achieve the highest possible rate of speed and the ability of the athlete to withhold that speed as long as possible. It can be assumed that when hockey players demonstrate their speed qualities in skating, the 5x54m test will not be the most informative of due to opposing physical qualities — speed and endurance.
Methods and organization. In an experiment conducted at the Department of theory and methods of hockey RSUPE with 15 qualified players aged between 18-24 years old, we evaluated the times that hockey players skated as fast as possible in tests of 5x54m, 4x54m and 3x54m. Testing was conducted on different days, during the morning practice, immediately after a warmup. The results of the tests were recorded with a digital video camera. The footage was processed and analyzed with the help of a computer program Sony Vegas Pro 13.0. Based on the analysis of the video we recorded the times it took to skate the tests as a whole, and each 54-meter segment in all three tests. We compared the mean group performance of skating time in the first, second, third and fourth segments in the 5x54m and 4x54m tests and the mean group performance of skating in the first, second and third segments in the 4x54m and 3x54m tests.
Results and discussion. The mean group performance of skating in the first, second, third and fourth segments in the 5×54 test were 7,971±0,426s, 8,720±0,396s, 9,300±0,248s, and 9,564±0,485s. The group average total time for skating the four segments in the 5×54 test was 35,555±0,919s. The mean group performance of skating in the first, second, third and fourth segments in the 4×54 test were 7,796±0,470s, 8,534±0,279s, 9,102±0,548s, and 8,811±0,426s. The group average total time for skating the four segments in the 4×54 test was 34,244±1,139s. There are no significant differences between the values of time skating in the first, second and third segments of the 5x54m and 4x54m tests. There were differences in times for skating the fourth segment in the 5x54m and 4x54m tests. The presented figures show, that in general the speed component of hockey players skating the 4x54m test is more pronounced than the same component in the 5x54m. The mean group performance of skating in the first, second, and third segments in the 4×54 test were 7,796±0,470s, 8,534±0,279, and 9,102±0,548s. The group average total time for skating the four segments in the 4×54 test was 25,432±0,884s. The mean group performance of skating in the first, second, and third segments in the 3×54 test were 7,854±0,355s, 8,606±0,328s, and 8,569±0,419s. The group average total time for skating the four segments in the 3×54 test was 25,030±0,754s. There were no significant differences between the performances in skating the first and second segments in the 4x54m and 3x54m tests. There are significantly different values of time in skating the third segments in the 4x54m and 3x54m tests. Comparing and analyzing the figures show that during the 4x54m test hockey players manage to demonstrate the highest possible speed in skating during the first and second segments and keep it at a submaximal level during the third segment.
Conclusions. Results of the study allow us to conclude that the – «shuttle run» test of continuous skating as fast as possible in segments of 4x54m is in line with analyzing the problem of grading speed-endurance of hockey players because in this test unlike the 5x54m test players maintain high speed during all the segments of skating demonstrating intervals of maximal and submaximal skating speed. Accordingly the 4x54m test can be represented as a drill whose main purpose is to assess the ability of players to obtain and maintain maximum and submaximal speed in skating, it is more informative in the way it assess speed-endurance of hockey players than the traditional test for hockey of 5x54m. Thus to assess the special speed-endurance of hockey players instead of the conventional 5x54m test, it is proposed to use its modification – «shuttle runs» continuous skating as fast as possible for four segments of 54 meters.
Pavlov A.S. Features of testing of special speed-endurance qualities of hockey players / A. S. Pavlov, A. A. Petrov, T. S. Kuchava, S. E. Pavlov// Олимпийский бюллетень № 17 / Сост. Мельникова Н.Ю., Трескин А.В., Никифорова А.Ю., Леонтьева Л.С. – М. : Издательство «Человек», 2016. – С. 162-164.